Showing posts with label diet. Show all posts
Showing posts with label diet. Show all posts

Thursday, December 16, 2010

5 Things to Cut Out of Your Diet

By Tony Horton, creator of P90X®

When I begin training new clients, the first thing I do is ask them about their diets. Because if you want to get major results, you have to cut out what I call "food porn"—food that's doing nothing to fuel your body, and in some cases is actually doing more harm than good. To keep things simple, I tell them there are 5 things that they absolutely, positively, MUST stop eating and drinking if they want to achieve their fitness goals:

Sugar, Beer, Coffee, and Meat

1. Processed sugars. I'm talking about white sugar, high fructose corn syrup, sucrose, or pretty much any kind of sugar that came from a factory instead of a piece of fruit. Processed sugar negatively affects your metabolism, your insulin response, even your mood—and all for totally empty calories. Cutting sugar out of your diet means you're going to have to read some labels, because it is by far the most common food additive in the U.S.

2. Alcohol. Calories that are as empty as sugar, and at 7 calories a gram, booze can really pack it on. Alcohol also dehydrates your body, which compromises muscle growth. Plus it slows your metabolism, so you burn fewer calories. In short, drinking gives you less muscle and more fat—you're just undoing everything you're trying to achieve with your workout.

3. Caffeine. I know there are a lot of people out there who say caffeine can give your workout a little extra "oomph." Obviously, it can give you some extra energy to make you push harder, but the cost is that it increases cortisol levels in your body, which inhibits lean muscle growth. Plus, it can negatively affect your sleep patterns, and you're better off working out when you're rested than when you're juiced.

4.
Anything with a face. It used to be that you could find some decent lean meat sources, but in the last few decades, the hormones, antibiotics, and chemicals that have been used to process meat and fish make them pretty worthless as a source of protein. There are plenty of excellent vegetarian protein sources, like beans, tofu, and nuts, so you can eat clean while you get lean.


Gluten 5. Gluten. Gluten is a grain-derived protein found in lots of different foods, mostly wheat, rye, and barley products. The name comes from the Latin word for "glue." You don't need to eat glue. Even if you're not one of the millions who are sensitive or allergic to gluten, you'll be operating a much cleaner machine if you cut it out of your diet. There are plenty of other healthier gluten-free alternatives, like millet, amaranth, quinoa, and oats.

By eliminating these empty or harmful "foods" from your diet, you can start turning your body into the well-oiled machine nature intended it to be. By eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, you can give yourself the premium fuel to get into the best shape of your life.

Peace,
Tony

Friday, October 15, 2010

Crash Diets vs. Discipline, Motivations, and Lifestyle Change

By Stephanie S. Saunders

Elvis Presley, the king of rock 'n' roll, pelvic thrusts, and peanut butter and bacon sandwiches, was rumored to have once heavily sedated himself for 2 weeks in an attempt to continually sleep and lose weight. While he might have removed the bags from under his eyes, Elvis' crash diet did nothing to help him cram into that jumpsuit, and he ended up gaining 10 pounds. As far back as the binge-and-purge bacchanalias of ancient Rome, people have been trying to lose weight in the fastest and sometimes strangest ways. With tactics ranging from subsisting on baby food to ingesting live tapeworms, crash diets promise quick and efficient weight loss, but at what price?

Pea Face on a Plate, Plastic Silverware

What is a crash diet?

A crash diet is any nutritional plan that severely reduces calories, is nutritionally restrictive, and is supposed to promote quick weight loss. Often the diet focuses on one food group or type, and is not usually intended for long-term use. Any diet that goes below 1,000 calories a day is considered extremely dangerous, and just one step away from starvation.

What is the benefit?

Woman with a Mouthful of SaladDo crash diets actually work? According to Dr. Susan Roberts, a professor of nutrition and psychiatry at Tufts University, crash diets are (at least temporarily) effective for "disinhibited eaters," or those who are easily tempted by food. (That's all of us, isn't it?) According to her study, by dropping weight quickly, those who are easily discouraged by slow and steady weight loss get instant gratification, and therefore, results. The problem, of course, is that you can't maintain a crash diet forever. Donald Hensrud, chairman of preventive medicine at Mayo Clinic, said: "People could eat nothing but jelly beans and if they were eating just a small amount, they would lose weight. You might be able to get away with it for a period of time, but the more restrictive the diet is—and the longer you follow it—the greater the risks."

What are those risks?

The first issue is usually nutrient deficiency, as one cannot get all of the nutrients he or she needs from a bowl of cabbage soup. It is difficult to get a sufficient amount of calcium, vitamin D, or iron on a very low-calorie diet. You can do permanent damage to your organs by not providing them with their required fuel. If you lose too much fluid, you can damage your electrolyte level, and become easily dehydrated. We know low levels of potassium and sodium can cause cramping, fainting, and even heart failure.

The next thing you're looking at is a slower metabolism. Your body is an extremely efficient machine and will slow down its resting metabolic rate in order to survive longer. This is how our ancestors made it through famine, floods, and sometimes, just winter. Over time, you will lose lean muscle without the proper nutrients to maintain it, which will lower your metabolism even further. With that slower metabolism comes decreased energy. Not only will that affect your home and work life, it will destroy your workouts.

Should you continue on the super low-cal path, you are likely to suffer catabolic reactions. You would expect to lose weight as long as your metabolism uses up more chemicals and energy than it is replacing, right? In fact, weight loss may occur for a short period resulting not from fat loss, but from breakdown of cell structures, organ tissue, bone, and muscle. The body then uses up structural proteins in order to survive. So, yes, your body will begin to consume itself.

Sleepy ManYour emotional state will usually alter with the lower number on the scale, which is not quite low enough to compensate for how yucky you feel. Irritability, depression, and lack of patience are very common with calorie restriction. Your sleep state will be affected, as severe caloric restriction often disrupts sleep patterns and can cause insomnia. Lack of sleep, in turn, will not assist in muscle recovery, your mood, or your energy. And eventually when you return to a rational eating plan, your body will be all the more likely to store everything you eat, as it thinks it has been starving for the last few weeks.

Why, why, why?

So, why on earth would anyone do this to themselves, especially if it means only drinking lemon juice, maple syrup, and cayenne pepper? The quick fix. We are a drive-thru nation that believes instant gratification is our birthright. If we can get it in a pill or hire someone to do it for us, we will. We also live in a culture obsessed with thinness, and we seldom take into consideration how much lean muscle can actually do for us, and how much better it looks than "skinny fat." So we torture ourselves with the "path of least resistance" and end up right back where we started, often before that high school reunion or Christmas party actually happens. And we still can't fit into that darn dress.

What is the answer?

The answer is, as it has been for centuries, to make a decision to change your life, and then to have the motivation and discipline to stick with it. Eat a clean diet, somewhere between 1,500 and 3,000 calories depending on your needs, split up over 5 to 6 meals a day with an appropriate balance of protein, carbs, and fats. Perform intense exercise that burns 500 to 800 calories a day, creating a greater caloric deficit, and speeding up your metabolism. Drink lots of water; get 8 hours of sleep; and try to avoid alcohol, refined sugar, and processed foods. Losing 1 to 2 pounds a week is not really hard to figure out, but it does take hard work and commitment to a plan.

Conclusion

Cyril Connolly, the famous writer and critic, once said, "The one way to get thin is to reestablish a purpose in life." And truly, that is the kind of commitment it takes. If weight loss were easy, everyone in the world would pop a pill, subsist on only bananas, and walk for just 30 minutes a day. If weight loss were easy, we would not be inundated with Jenny Craig® commercials and weight loss-based reality shows. If weight loss were easy, all of those New Year's resolutions would have come to fruition. But diets alone, especially the crash variety, do not work. So stay off the diet merry-go-round and stay committed to the control of your health and your appearance. Just because Elvis couldn't lose weight without extreme means doesn't mean you can't. Of course, you probably can't get paid thousands to wear a rhinestoned spandex jumpsuit, so it evens out.

Wednesday, March 31, 2010

Gluten: What, Why, and How?

By Omar Shamout

If you didn't know any better, you might be forgiven for thinking a "gluten" was the muscle you flex while doing squats and lunges in the gym. In fact, gluten is a grain protein found in wheat, rye, oats, and barley that acts as a sort of glue holding the flour together, and providing structure. Sounds like a good thing, yet a quick visit to the diet book section of Amazon.com reveals so many "gluten-free" guides that you'd think it was as evil as trans fat or MSG. So what's the big deal over such a tiny little protein that performs such a noble function? Let's break down the substance into an easily digestible diet of what, why, and how.

Wheat

What's the problem with gluten?

Unfortunately, about 1 percent of the world's population (roughly 1 out of every 133 people) suffers from a genetic gluten intolerance known as celiac disease, making it the world's most prevalent autoimmune disorder. Those affected with the condition suffer severe abdominal pain and discomfort when tiny, nutrient-absorbing projectiles in the small intestine known as villi come into contact with gluten, leaving them damaged and unable to function properly. Often, this intolerance leads to prolonged vomiting and diarrhea. Yikes! However, many carriers show no symptoms of the disease at all, and the only way to be diagnosed properly is through blood tests and an intestinal biopsy. Celiac disease should not be confused with a wheat allergy, where symptoms such as hives and itchiness recede once the allergen leaves the system.1

How do I cure celiac disease?

The only known cure for celiac disease is a 100 percent gluten-free diet. Naturally, this means getting rid of many of our favorite starchy foods. To lessen the blow, celiac sufferers are entitled to a tax deduction on the extra cost incurred when buying gluten-free foods. In this economy, that could really come in handy!2

What are the other medical benefits of a gluten-free diet?

In recent years, people without an intolerance have begun to take up a gluten-free lifestyle in an effort to lose weight. Others have put their faith in what is currently anecdotal evidence claiming that the omission of gluten improves conditions including but not limited to joint pain, osteoporosis, diabetes types 1 and 2, and neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, Down's syndrome, and autism. However, these cases are awaiting detailed medical studies, so until those take place, there is no conclusive evidence to support the gluten connection to these illnesses.3

Why are people without diagnosed medical problems going gluten free?

A large number of people have chosen to go gluten free without a medical reason, and swear by the benefits they experience on a daily basis, including increased energy and brain function, and fewer aches and pains. Whatever your motivation, it is crucial to maintain a balanced and well-rounded diet to avoid eliminating essential vitamins from your nutritional intake. For instance, it may be tempting to stop eating bread altogether, but starch-rich foods contain vital nutrients like B vitamins and fiber,4 which prevent the onset of other health problems such as anemia, nerve damage,5 high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and irritable bowels.

How do I go about it?

Gluten-Free for a Healthy Life by Kimberly A. Tessmer, RD,  LDDieting should never be done on a whim, because you could be doing yourself more harm than good without even knowing it. If you want to substitute rice, corn, or potato-based products in favor of wheat and oats, just be sure to compensate your vitamin intake in other ways, such as supplements. For those serious about making the commitment to this lifestyle change, a comprehensive list of safe, questionable, and forbidden foods can be found in the book Gluten-Free for a Healthy Life by noted celiac dietician Kimberly A. Tessmer, RD, LD.

Why now?

Making the switch to gluten-free is easier than ever to do. Supply seems to have caught up with the increased public demand for gluten-free, well, everything. Food and beverage companies are now producing a wide array of sans-gluten products, including pizza, ice cream, and yes, even beer!

What's the bottom line?

While the jury may still be out on the long-term effects of a gluten-free diet for non-celiacs, it is quite possible to live and thrive without gluten as long as you consult a doctor or dietician first and plan out a well-balanced diet that doesn't ignore any of the essential food groups, including carbohydrates. If you think you might have celiac disease, do not self-diagnose, because your symptoms might be the result of a different illness altogether. As with anything in life, don't start because it's trendy, but rather because you've tried it out safely, and are satisfied with the results.

Top 10 Reasons to Give Up Soda

By Steve Edwards

If you're looking for a scapegoat in the obesity epidemic, look no further than soda. It's the single greatest caloric source in the world, accounting for somewhere between 11 and 19 percent of all the calories consumed worldwide. It's cheap, addictive, and readily available, which generally means that it will take some willpower to avoid. But don't despair, as we at Beachbody® are here to help. We present: our top 10 reasons to give up soda. Drumroll please . . .

Soda Cans

  1. Soda may cause cancer. According to a report in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, consuming two or more soft drinks per week increased the risk of developing pancreatic cancer by nearly twofold compared to individuals who did not consume soft drinks. As reported, the study "followed 60,524 men and women in the Singapore Chinese Health Study for 14 years. During that time, there were 140 pancreatic cancer cases. Those who consumed two or more soft drinks per week (averaging five per week) had an 87 percent increased risk compared with individuals who did not."

    Then why, you're probably asking yourself, is this number ten on our list and why is soda even still on the shelf? Not that I'd challenge the ability of such large corporate power to hide such a thing but, in this case, the study slit its own throat. As one of the researchers noted, "soft drink consumption in Singapore was associated with several other adverse health behaviors such as smoking and red meat intake, which we can't accurately control for," meaning that we have no way of knowing, for sure, if soda was the culprit. Still, it doesn't hurt to know that when you drink soda it lumps you into a fairly unhealthy user group.1

  2. It's not just about calories. Calories grab headlines, but recent science is showing that diet soda users are still in the crosshairs. A 2005 study by the University of Texas Health Science Center showed that there's a 41 percent increased risk of being obese—and a 65 percent increased risk of becoming overweight during the next 7 or 8 years—for every can of diet soda a person consumes in a day. Admittedly, this one should be higher on the list, but I wanted to make sure the article-skimming crowd knew the score up front: that diet sodas are very much a part of the problem.

  3. Soda Bottle SilhouetteIt's the water . . . and a lot more. Okay, so that was a beer slogan, but soda is also made up mainly of water, and when you're slinging as much of it as they are, and you need to sling it cheap, sometimes you can't help but run into problems with your supply chain. In India, Coca-Cola® has found itself in hot water, and not the kind they thought they were purchasing rights to. Two of their factories have been closed, but one continues to run amok. According to a report in The Ecologist, "They accuse the company of over-extracting groundwater, lowering the water tables and leaving farmers and the local community unable to dig deep enough to get to vital water supplies."

    "Since the bottling plant was opened in 2000, water levels in the area have dropped six metres, and when a severe drought hit the region earlier this year the crops failed and livelihoods were destroyed."2

  4. BPA: not just for water bottles anymore. Nalgene® and other water bottle companies took the heat when the dangers of bisphenol A (BPA) were made public a couple years back. While these companies went to great lengths to save their businesses, the soda companies somehow flew under the radar and continue to use it in their products. A recent Canadian study has found that BPA exists "in the vast majority" of the soft drinks tested. Most of these were under the national limits set for toxicity, but some were not. And remember how much soda the average person consumes, meaning odds are most soda consumers are at some risk.

    "Out of 72 drinks tested, 69 were found to contain BPA at levels below what Health Canada says is the safe upper limit. However, studies in peer-reviewed science journals have indicated that even at very low doses, BPA can increase breast and ovarian cancer cell growth and the growth of some prostate cancer cells in animals."3

  5. Can convenience. As in the 1950s colloquial: can it. Speaking of the 1950s, those were the happy days when most of our soda was consumed at soda fountains, obesity was a term hardly anyone had heard of, and the most feared epidemic was one of atomically mutated insects taking over the world. Now instead of hoofing it down to the corner confectionery for one soda, we fill out trucks with pallets of shrink-wrapped cans or bottles and quaff the stuff by the six-pack. Not to mention how out of balance this ensures our diets will become, it wreaks havoc on the world around us. The bottled-water industry (which is mostly owned by the soda industry) famously uses 17 million barrels of oil a year, and the aluminum industry uses as much electricity as the entire continent of Africa. Not only that, aluminum mining accounts for a ton of toxic chemicals that is left behind for every ton of the metal produced.4

  6. Man Drinking a SodaThe Frankenfood factor. Whether you consume diet or regular soda, you're getting all of the genetically modified food you need and more, via high fructose corn syrup or aspartame. Both of these are under plenty of scientific as well as anecdotal scrutiny. Findings aren't pretty but, so far, this multibillion-dollar industry has kept these sweeteners on the shelves while alternative sweeteners meeting cost requirements are explored. Since it's almost impossible to read health headlines without finding one of these ingredients in some type of controversy, I'll just use one example:

    "The Center for Science in the Public Interest, a nutrition and food safety advocacy group, called on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to review the claims, which stem from research conducted by the European Ramazzini Foundation in Italy.

    The foundation reported that rats who consumed aspartame in exceedingly large quantities were more likely to develop cancer. CSPI executive director Michael Jacobson considers this an important finding that should not be overlooked." 5

    I know, there I go again with the cancer. But some people need to be shocked in order to take action. For me, seeing the Diet Coke® and Mentos® experiment was all I needed to swear off the stuff.

  7. Foreign news cares how much soda we sell in our schools. How bad is your country's problem when the whole world is watching its daily actions? "Nearly one in three children and teenagers in the U.S. are overweight or obese and health experts say sugary drinks are part of the problem." Yep, bad. The world is well aware of the problems soda is causing and is looking to us to lead. And we certainly are trying. Are you with the program?

    "Under the voluntary guidelines, in place since 2006, full-calorie soft drinks were removed from school canteens and vending machines. Lighter drinks, including low-fat milk, diet sodas, juices, flavoured waters and teas, were promoted in their place."6

    And, while great and all, it appears that no one got the memo about diet sodas.

  8. Diet? Um, that's just like your opinion, man. When it comes to soda, treat the word "diet" as a slogan. A study at Boston University's School of Medicine linked diet soda with increased risk factors for heart disease and diabetes. To be more specific, the study "found adults who drink one or more sodas a day had about a 50 percent higher risk of metabolic syndrome," which is a cluster of risk factors such as excessive fat around the waist, low levels of "good" cholesterol, high blood pressure, and other symptoms that lead to heart disease and/or diabetes. And, for those of you only concerned about how you look in the mirror, "Those who drank one or more soft drinks a day had a 31 percent greater risk of becoming obese."

  9. Soda outkills terrorists. A study out of the University of California, San Francisco, shows that soda has killed at least 6,000 Americans in the last decade.

    From ABC News: "The new analysis, presented Friday at the American Heart Association's 50th Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, offers a picture of just how horrifying the damage done by excess consumption of sugary drinks can be.

    Using a computer model and data from the Framingham Heart Study, the Nurses Health Study and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, researchers estimated that the escalating consumption between 1990 and 2000 of soda and sugar-sweetened beverages, which they abbreviated as 'SSBs,' led to 75,000 new cases of diabetes and 14,000 new cases of coronary heart disease.

    What's more, the burden of the diseases translated into a $300 million to $550 million increase in health care costs between 2000 and 2010."7

  10. It's the "real thing" . . . not exactly. Should having the number one caloric source in the world come from something that's entirely manmade be a metaphor for a dying world? It doesn't have to be this way. After all, there's nothing in soda that we need. In fact, there's nothing in soda that even comes from the earth except caffeine, and that's optional. It's a mixture of altered water (injected with carbon dioxide gas), artificial flavors (yes, "natural flavor" is artificial), artificial color, and phosphoric acid, along with its sole caloric source that is a by-product of genetically modified corn production and offers virtually no nutritional value. It's about as real as The Thing.

Sunday, September 13, 2009

The Great Diet Soda Debate

By Denis Faye

Diet CokeTo many weight loss enthusiasts, diet soda is the nutritional equivalent of getting away with murder, a naughty indulgence to be enjoyed without fear of repercussion or, more importantly, weight gain.

But are Coke Zero and Diet Pepsi truly the nectar of the gods? Truth is, it's hard to say. Unlike with trans fat, there is no hard and fast evidence showing that diet soda rots your insides. However, there's also no evidence showing that it benefits you. There are, however, plenty of studies indicating that diet sodas are, in a word, weird. Whether it might cause heart disease, or it might make you eat more junk food, or it might give you cancer, the big question about diet soda is: is it worth it?

A little history

Bags of SweetenersDiet soda bubbled into popular culture in 1952 when Kirsch Beverages of Brooklyn, New York came out with No-Cal Ginger Ale, a saccharine-sweetened drink aimed at diabetics. In 1962, Royal Crown came out with Diet Rite Cola, this time sweetened with saccharine and cyclamate. Coca-Cola rolled out Tab in 1963. Pepsi followed suit in 1965 with Diet Pepsi. And the race was on.

In 1970, the artificial sweetener cyclamate was banned in the United States when it was found to cause cancer in lab rats. In 1977, saccharine came under scrutiny for the same reason. In the 1980s, soft drink manufacturers switched to aspartame. Today, while most diet sodas still contain aspartame, some—Diet Rite and Hansen Natural Sodas—use sucralose, aka Splenda. Others such as Coke Zero and Diet Red Bull throw a little acesulfame potassium into the mix. When the legitimacy of the saccharine/cancer connection came into question in the 1990s, saccharine-sweetened Tab returned to the market.

Some sweet science

If you're wondering which of these sweeteners are good and which ones are toxic, the answer is hazy at best. For example, one minute saccharine kills on contact, the next minute it's harmless. Science gets even more wobbly for the other sweeteners, given that most of them have only been around for a few decades. That's not much, considering it took almost a century for anyone to figure out saccharine's potential health-risk issues.

Nothing for something

Drinking Diet CokeA far more obvious concern with diet drinks is that people think they've somehow cheated the system when this is most likely not the case. A study by the University of Alberta published in the August 2007 issue of the journal Obesity found that feeding a diet of low- and zero-calorie food to young lab rats tampered with the body's ability to recognize calories and regulate food intake, so that later in life, the rats tended to overeat, even highly caloric foods.

Granted, these are rats, not people, so the rules are very different, but this is still food for thought, so to speak. How many times have you ordered diet soda at the movies, thinking that it somehow made the accompanying giant tub of buttered popcorn acceptable? Because you passed on a 150-calorie drink, you're now "allowed" to eat a 400-plus-calorie fatty snack? Hmmm.

In fact, a 2005 study by the University of Texas Healthy Science Center showed that there's a 41 percent increased risk of being overweight for every can of soda a person consumes in a day. While the popcorn theory isn't the proven reason for these findings, it is a definite possibility. Another plausible theory is that diet sodas alert the body of a possible influx of calories without delivering the goods, causing further calorie cravings.

Backing up this study is a July 2007 study by the Boston University School of Medicine. When 6,000 middle-aged men and women were observed over four years, it was found that those who drank one soda or more a day had approximately a 50 percent greater risk of metabolic syndrome—a group of risk factors including excessive fat around the middle section of the body, low HDL (good) cholesterol, high blood pressure, and other health-risk symptoms.

But seriously . . .

Of course, it's easy to explain most of this research away with chicken-and-egg logic. Is diet soda making people unhealthy, or are unhealthy people drawn to diet soda in a misguided attempt to turn things around?

And while we're debunking anti-diet-soda theories, it's worth noting that, contrary to popular advice (including, in the past, my own), carbonation does not pull calcium from your bones. According to a report in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition in 2001, the calcium problem only occurred when the carbonated drinks also contained caffeine.

Brewed TeaBut these two concessions are small potatoes compared to the overwhelming, ever-increasing body of research suggesting that diet sodas are problematic. True, none of the evidence is entirely conclusive and even the researchers involved are quick to admit that their studies need to be taken with a grain of salt. But, at the same time, every time you open a can of Diet Coke, there's a giant question mark floating among those bubbles. You don't really know what you're drinking and you have no idea what it's doing to your body. It's up to you to decide, if it's really worth it when you could have brewed yourself an iced tea (without sugar, of course)?

Thursday, July 30, 2009

Frozen Yogurt: Your Diet Frenemy

By Stephanie Saunders

Nothing says summertime like a cool, creamy treat, a refreshing pick-me-up when we feel like cooling ourselves. Frozen yogurt, in particular, has made a huge comeback recently with stores popping up everywhere from here to Punxsutawney. One major reason for this is that while there's no denying its sugary, tangy, goodness, it's also considered healthy, low in carbs and calories, and essentially fat-free. Yes, frozen yogurt could be the dream dessert, but be careful. Read on for the facts!

Yogurt Scale

A few sweet slipups and it becomes a sneaky caloric nightmare, with calories far exceeding what most of us eat in an entire meal. Fortunately, there is hope for the creamy dessert junkie. Here are a few easy ways to keep things light and healthy.

Size matters

When we look at the calorie count in frozen yogurt, it is usually broken down by ounce, and we fail to do the math. The wide assortment of toppings can add a bit of crunch or flavor, but these toppings can also add inches to our waists. And the amount of sugar in frozen yogurt is astounding. It is the second ingredient in all the leading brands—they can have up to 40 grams of sugar per serving!

After the age of 10, most of us stop ordering the child size of anything. There is something very exciting about being able to order off of the adult menu. And this is America, where anything is better supersized! When we look at calorie counts for frozen desserts, they are usually for the 4-ounce servings, which is a child's size. Here is a caloric breakdown of some popular yogurt establishments:

Pinkberry® 28–34 calories per ounce
Menchie's® 20–40 calories per ounce
Golden Spoon® 25–30 calories per ounce
Penguins® 20–25 calories per ounce
Ben & Jerry's® 35–45 calories per ounce
TCBY® 28–33 calories per ounce

So, if we actually ordered the child-size serving, we are looking at 80 calories for the not-so-tasty sugar-free version and up to 180 calories for the low-fat version. Also consider that most establishments pile on considerably more than the ounces determined by the little cup, hence the cute swirl on top. So, should you order the medium size, we are looking at 160 to 360 calories. And this is before we have even looked at toppings.

To top it off

Woman Eating YogurtSince the invention of the self-serve yogurt establishment, astounding things have been piled onto yogurt. Gummy bears, chocolate chips, Fruity Pebbles®, rainbow sprinkles, cookie dough, Oreos®, hot fudge, brownie bites, malt balls, and REESE'S PIECES—my friend once topped her yogurt with all of these! And yes, my friend was over the age of 14 and not pregnant. It is amazing what we will consume when given access to an unlimited supply that will only cost us forty cents an ounce. But for those of us who are a bit more reserved, even the fruit toppings, granola, nuts, and low-fat fudge can determine our waistlines. The reason, of course, is sugar. Here is a look at what some basic toppings can add up to calorically—each calorie count is for a 2-tablespoon serving.

Hot fudge (sugar free) 90 calories
Oreo topping 90 calories
Strawberry topping 107 calories
Granola 150 calories
Brownie 139 calories
Chocolate chips 50 calories
Peanuts 160 calories
Rainbow sprinkles 40 calories

Berry YogurtAgain, all of these toppings are 2-tablespoon servings. I have yet to see an establishment use that little of a topping at any point in my yogurt shopping frenzies. One would assume we should double that number in most cases. Even then, these numbers do not look particularly horrible, until you add in the 250-calorie yogurt, and then you are looking at a meal. Although tasty, that "meal" will probably not satisfy much of your hunger and lacks the major nutrients your body needs.

Hope for the hungry

So before you throw your punch card away and go back to fighting off chocolate cravings, let's look at some ways to enjoy your favorite dessert without destroying your P90X®, Slim in 6®, or INSANITY™ physique.

  • Choose a nonfat, sugar-free, or low-carbohydrate flavor. No, they do not taste as good. But again, if it saves you 100 calories, you are that much closer to looking hot for your high school reunion.
  • Top with fresh sliced fruit or low-fat granola. Often, the fruit topping is a preserve or covered in sugar, so be sure to ask. Also, make sure it is low-fat granola; otherwise, you are adding sugar and butter to your yogurt experience.
  • Get toppings on the side. Think of a topping the way you do salad dressing. You can control how many tablespoons go on your yogurt, and you usually get enough to share with a friend.
  • Choose richer flavors. This is simply tricking your taste buds. If you aim for flavorful bases, you will be less apt to need a bunch of flavor on top. Really think about what you are craving and see if there is a yogurt flavor to match it.
  • Avoid the pint. For most of us, it impossible to stick to the serving size on the side of the container. And then it lives, and taunts you, in your freezer. Keep large amounts of creamy sugar out of the house.
  • Use the scale. I know this sounds really dorky, but ask them to weigh your cup of joy. I doubt any of us would ask them to remove a few ounces of yogurt, but it might make us stop before we hit the bottom of the cup.
  • Make it an occasion. Try to think of any dessert experience as a special event. Save it for a celebration, a special date, or a night out with the girls or guys. We are all too prone to going out for dessert when we are bored or having an evening craving. Try going on a walk instead. Your love handles will thank you.

The 5 Best Fats to Get Lean

By Whitney Provost

You might think that to lose weight you need to cut the fat out of your meals. After all, fat is higher in calories than protein and carbs, and low-fat diets have been very popular since the Senate Nutrition Committee first recommended them in the late 1970s. But research shows that a moderate-fat diet (with about 35 percent of calories consumed coming from fat) will help you drop pounds permanently, feel full longer, and avoid bingeing. The trick is to eat the right kind of fat to increase satisfaction and boost weight loss. Here's why it's important to eat fat—and we offer five of the best fat sources to add to your diet.

The 5 Best Fats

How eating fat will help you lose fat

In 2008, researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel found that people who followed low-fat diets lost less weight than people who followed low-carb or moderate-fat diets. The low-fat group lost an average of 6.5 pounds over 2 years, but the low-carb and moderate-fat groups lost about 10 pounds. Women did especially well on the moderate-fat diet, losing an average of 13 pounds during the study.

For weight loss, fat is important for several reasons:

  • Fat helps your body control blood sugar and insulin spikes after eating carbohydrates. Better sugar metabolism means less fat storage.
  • Fat slows down digestion and aids nutrient absorption. You'll stay fuller longer and get more health benefits from the food you eat.
  • Essential fatty acids (such as omega-3s) may boost your metabolic rate and increase fat-burning.
  • Fat tastes good. It also provides a "mouthfeel" that is satisfying, which can help you be happy with less food.

Eating more fat may also help you stick to your diet longer. In a study conducted by Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, participants got either 20 percent of their calories from fat or 35 percent of their calories from fat. Both groups lost weight after 6 months. But after 18 months, only 20 percent of the people in the low-fat group were still following the diet, compared with 54 percent of the people in the moderate-fat group. Likewise, the subjects in the moderate-fat group maintained their weight loss, while the low-fat group participants gained most of the weight back.

Olive OilIf you reach for a box of low-fat or fat-free crackers or cookies when you want to lose weight, you may actually be sabotaging your diet. Manufacturers frequently replace fat with sugar in many packaged food items to make them taste better. You think you're making a good decision by eating fat-free products, but the excess sugar and refined flour can lead to fatigue, cravings, mood swings, and weight gain caused by the overproduction of insulin, the fat-storage hormone. As a snack, an apple and peanut butter or a salad with oil and vinegar dressing would be a better weight loss choice. The complex carbs and healthy fats will maintain your blood sugar levels, boost your energy, and keep you satisfied longer.

What kind of fat should you eat?

To get lean, you need to eat the right kind of fat. Avoid saturated and trans fats (which are found in red meat, full-fat dairy products, and many packaged foods), and instead choose monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats. Here are some of the best sources of fat to help you reach your weight goal.

  1. Core Omega-3â„¢Fish. Fish such as salmon, albacore tuna, herring, mackerel, and sardines contain beneficial amounts of omega-3 fatty acids. Most experts agree that eating two servings of fatty fish per week is safe for people who are worried about mercury or other toxins. (Pregnant women should consult with their doctors about consuming fish.) If you don't like fish, a quality supplement such as Core Omega-3™ will give you the benefits without the taste. If you're a Team Beachbody member, check out the recipes in the Eat Smart section for some delicious ways to prepare fish.
  2. Olive oil. Heart-healthy oils such as olive, canola, and peanut are excellent sources of fat for dieters. They have also been shown to lower bad cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease. Use them sparingly when sautéing, or drizzle them over your favorite salad vegetables with a little vinegar and herbs to maximize the absorption of nutrients. Moderation is important: You really only need about a teaspoon of oil to get all its benefits. Using more will add significant calories.
  3. Avocados. Eat a spinach and carrot salad with a little avocado, and you'll not only get a dose of good fat, but you'll also absorb more phytonutrients like lutein and beta-carotene. Scientists at Ohio State University in Columbus found that more antioxidants were absorbed when people ate a salad containing avocados than when they ate a salad without this tasty fruit. One-quarter of an avocado will add flavor with about 75 calories.
  4. NutsNuts. Almonds, walnuts, pecans, and peanuts are powerhouses of good nutrition—full of antioxidants, minerals, and monounsaturated fat. The Nurses Health Study, where more than 86,000 nurses were followed for 14 years, found that those who ate nuts regularly (about an ounce per day) tended to weigh less than those who didn't. The protein, fat, and fiber make nuts more filling, which helps dieters stay on track. There's an added psychological bonus to eating nuts: because they're rich and satisfying, you probably won't feel like you're on a diet.
  5. Flaxseeds. Packing a wallop of fat, protein, and fiber, flaxseeds are a delicious and healthful addition to any diet. You can grind them up and add them to oatmeal, yogurt, salads, or vegetables, or pretty much anywhere you want a nutty crunch. They're a plant source of omega-3 fatty acids, making them a good choice for vegetarians or people who don't like fish. Ground flaxseeds also have 3 grams of fiber per tablespoon that will help slow digestion and keep your blood sugar stable.

Making room for fat

Fat might be considered a health food, but that's not a cue to overindulge. At 9 calories per gram, fat is a more concentrated energy source than protein and carbohydrates (each has 4 calories per gram). You need to be mindful of your overall caloric intake if you want to eat more fat and lose weight. But you'll probably find it a bit easier to manage your calories when you feel full and satisfied after eating the right kinds of fat.

Friday, July 24, 2009

4 Diet Pitfalls—and How to Avoid Them

Oh sure, everyone always says to me, "Shaun, I swear, I eat very healthily. I have a clean diet." But when people are experiencing "stubborn pounds" that won't budge off their bodies, I see uncertainty and fear in their eyes when I say, "I bet it's a common eating habit that is undermining your hard work."

Nutrition LabelOh yeah. It's natural for us to be less than honest with ourselves about where we're cheating on our nutritional plans. We work out and have the best of intentions for our daily meals, but we end up falling short of our goals for having a balanced nutritional plan for various reasons. Some of the most common pitfalls can be avoided simply by being aware of them.

Walking, Good Food, Journal, and Small Portions
  1. Stress eating.

    Walking on the BeachHey, I readily admit that food is comforting—especially comfort food. You know, the mac and cheese; the meatloaf and buttery mashed potatoes; an entire pint of butter pecan ice cream . . . enough said. But there are so many better ways to beat stress than by eating yourself into a stupor.

    Do this instead: My favorite thing to do is to get out and just take a walk. Focus on your body and forget the snacks, and get some air deep into your lungs, clear your head, feel your blood pumping, and stretch your legs out. It won't take but a few minutes for you to reap big benefits from taking a brisk walk . . . away from the vending machine. Or if it's raining, put on some great music and dance—that works too! You can get plenty of this done with Dance Party Series.

  2. Grazing.

    Eating FruitMany people have a complete lack of structure to their daily meals—they actually never stop nibbling throughout the day—from bits of bagels and bites of donuts in the morning all the way through to chips in front of the TV for late-night channel surfing. Grazers have absolutely no set meal times, and end up shutting down their bodies' natural calorie-burning cycles through the constant onslaught of fat and calories.

    Do this instead: Of course, avoid the bad stuff. Instead of vending-machine junk and food with a low nutritional value, pack healthy snacks for nibbling. And make time for balanced meals that will satisfy your appetite so you won't be reaching for whatever's near. See the action plan for #3.

  3. Unconscious eating.

    Writing in JournalEating without paying attention to what you're doing, or without even realizing that you're consuming calories.

    Do this instead: Keeping a food journal is the best way I know to determine whether you have unconscious-eating tendencies. One of my clients confessed that while keeping her journal, she would catch herself working at her desk and suddenly realize that she needed to jot down the cookie she'd just eaten at a coworker's desk. They'd offered her a homemade cookie, and she'd eaten it without even thinking about it—much less factoring it into her daily planned food intake. Cha-CHING! Those 200 sweet calories needed to be added to her daily tally in her food journal to get an accurate picture of what she was eating.

  4. Double portions.

    Small PortionsIt's not just restaurants that are offering us bigger portions to show us the value of their meals; it's loved ones and friends and ourselves who proudly serve up much more than our bodies need for fuel at mealtime—on a regular basis. It's because we think we're showing love, or are being shown love, through food. We'd also feel stingy if we were to serve the plate with less on it. The sad fact is that "normal" portions in the U.S. aren't just a fraction more food than needed for having a balanced meal—they're like double, which is in excess of what your body requires, and WAY more than you can burn through your daily workout!

    Do this instead: Ask yourself, "Do 20 bites of a huge sandwich really taste that much better than 10?" How do those 10 extra bites taste when you know you can't burn them off that day and at least half that sandwich is going to turn into those "stubborn" pounds? Stick with sane portions; listen to your body.

Yes, these are four common pitfalls. They're all too common—but that doesn't make them any less devastating to our fitness results and our ultimate health goals (and don't forget that it can also be discouraging to the mental image you have of where you want to be). Be aware of where you might be defeating yourself, and take some time to form a personal plan to help you avoid these pitfalls on a daily basis.

Peace Out.
Shaun T

Choose and Lose: How to Lose Weight on Any Diet

By Whitney Provost

When it comes to losing weight, everyone has an opinion about what works best. Low fat, low carb, or Mediterranean style—you've probably heard stories of people dropping major pounds by following one of these diets. The truth is you'll lose weight on any diet as long as you take in fewer calories than you burn. Keep reading to find out which diet is best for you.

Smiling Foods

Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health studied more than 800 overweight adults over 2 years, and researchers found that as long as people made healthy choices, the percentage of protein, carbs, and fat consumed didn't really matter. All the study participants (divided into groups eating low fat, high fat, high carb, or high protein) lost about the same amount of weight when they ate fewer calories than they burned.

The bottom line: The diet you choose should make you feel good, keep you satisfied, and limit your cravings for unhealthy foods. So how do you decide what plan will work for you?

  • Try balancing various amounts of lean protein (poultry, fish, and lean beef), complex carbs (fruits, vegetables, and whole grains), and healthy fat (nuts, olive oil, and seeds). Find the combination that makes you full and energetic.
  • Keep a food journal of what you eat and how you feel. Over time, you'll start to see patterns emerge.
  • If you're a Team Beachbody member, you can visit the Eat Smart section of the Web site and choose from three different pre-populated meal plans (Balanced, Low Carb, and Active Lifestyle), or custom design your own according to your preferences.

When you decide what kind of diet to follow, here's how to get the most out of it:

  • Low-fat diet. The amount of fat you eat varies according to the diet's creator. The Ornish Diet, designed by cardiologist Dean Ornish to help people reverse heart disease, recommends that you eat 10 percent of your calories from fat. The American Heart Association, on the other hand, considers low fat to be up to 35 percent from fat. A low-fat diet should consist of lots of vegetables, fruit, whole grains, beans and legumes, and little meat. It is not an excuse to eat mountains of pasta or processed carbs (like fat-free cookies or crackers), as these will spike your blood sugar, make you hungrier, and add a lot of unnecessary calories.
  • Low-carb diet. Plans like Atkins, South Beach, and the "Paleo" diet claim that by cutting carbohydrates your body will have to dig into its fat stores for energy. That is often true, at least at first, until your body adapts to the decreased energy from carbs and rapid weight loss slows. Plus, if you chow down on artery-clogging bacon, butter, and steak every day and don't choose heart-healthy protein and fat sources (like lean meats, nuts, and olive oil), you can develop other health problems and nutrient deficiencies. Watch out for saturated fat in foods like whole milk, butter, and meat, and be mindful of portion sizes when you're following a low-carb diet. You might find it hard to sustain a low-carb diet over the long term because you have less energy and feel tired a lot. If that happens, just switch to another diet plan.
  • Mediterranean SaladMediterranean-style diet.This has gained popularity over the last few years as a healthy, balanced approach to eating. It emphasizes whole grains, fruits, vegetables, unsaturated fats from nuts and olive oil, and lean protein like fish and chicken. You don't want to overdo the pasta, cheese, and alcohol on this diet because these calories add up quickly. This is a moderate-fat diet that offers a variety of choices and will suit many different tastes. You'll find that most Beachbody® nutrition plans follow guidelines that are similar to a Mediterranean-style diet. It's easy to get all the nutrients you need to sustain a healthy, energetic lifestyle with this method of eating.

When you've found the diet that suits you, you may notice that your weight starts to drop without a lot of effort. You'll be more satisfied and less prone to cravings, which will help you be consistent with your plan. As long as you stick to your diet and combine it with a workout program that also fits your preferences—Slim in 6®, ChaLEAN Extreme®, or whatever you choose—you will be able to lose weight and keep it off.

Thursday, January 29, 2009

The Best Diet for Weight Loss

By Steve Edwards

Is Atkins back? The oft-maligned high-protein diet won in a battle between some of the more popular weight loss diets. In an extensive 2-year study, participants who followed a high-protein diet lost more weight than those who followed a low-fat or a Mediterranean diet. But before you throw out your whole grains and stock your fridge with steak and butter, read on. Let's take a close look at this study to clarify what it means, and to try to help you determine what should be the right diet for you.

The main message of the study could be that dieting works because all of the participants lost weight. Surprisingly, however, those on a high-protein diet lost more weight and improved their cholesterol levels more than those on a low-fat diet. The third option, a Mediterranean diet plan, fell in the middle. Women, however, showed the best results on this plan.

http://www.chrismadden.co.uk/yah/diet%20book.gif

What makes this study so special is that it was done in a very controlled environment—an isolated nuclear plant in Israel—and that most participants (85 percent) stuck with it to the end. All of the 322 participants ate lunch at a cafeteria with a controlled menu and had very few options for fast/junk-type food outside of work. Most of them were male. The average weight loss for the high-protein diet was 10.3 pounds. The Mediterranean dieters averaged 10 pounds lost, and those on the low-fat regimen averaged 6.5 pounds lost.

For those of you on Beachbody® programs, whether P90X®, Slim in 6®, or Yoga Booty Ballet®, these numbers might not seem too impressive. The study was conducted without any exercise requirement, and the chosen group did not necessarily include participants needing to lose a lot of weight. We know we can get far better results with a Beachbody-type of fitness plan, but the results of this study can still help us refine our own diets. Let's look at some of the main questions the study brought to the forefront.

  1. Is Dean Ornish an idiot? The popular "good guy" of the American diet, as seen on TV, was skewered in this study by proponents of the often-vilified Robert Atkins approach. Does this mean that we've been bamboozled by the media? Not exactly. But the "Ornish plan" that's been adopted by our government and recommends getting less than 30 percent of our calories from dietary fat might need to be reconsidered. In this study, those who ate more fat saw their cholesterol indicators fall by nearly double. However, it must be noted that there was no pre-study cholesterol criteria. It's possible—and probably likely—that those choosing the low-fat approach had better cholesterol numbers to begin with. Another consideration is that the Ornish approach (that includes a lot of fruits and veggies) has a lot more margin for error should one stray from the diet, which we'll look at in more depth below.
  2. Should I try getting my copy of Dr. Atkins' New Diet Revolution back from the Salvation Army? Maybe, but this study does nothing to overturn the reason the public turned on Atkins in the first place. The high-protein approach—popularized but not invented by Dr. Atkins—still has merit as a diet plan. Where the Atkins folks went wrong—though the diet still became popular, it should be noted—was by hyping up their plan as the one that allowed you to eat bacon, butter, and fatty meats. While this is true for a portion of a high-protein diet, it's not something that works well within the scope of an entire meal plan. Atkins tried to reverse this thought pattern by adding phases to the diet plan, but the damage had already been done; carbs had become vilified and fat was "where it was at." The problem was that this only worked during the early phases of the diet; that's if the participants were strict enough to keep their bodies running without blood glycogen. Once you began to cheat, you were eating a very dangerous high-fat diet. Atkins advocates, in part, funded this study, so we should be suspicious. But the reason they did is because they knew that their plan would fare well. Cutting your carbohydrate intake, especially in the early phase of a diet plan and when you aren't doing much exercise, is very effective for weight loss and health in general.
  3. What was that about women? Oh, yeah, in the study, women did the best on the Mediterranean diet. Since most "dieters" are women, it's rare when a study features less of them, but that's what happens when you use a nuclear facility as a venue. In the study, the Mediterranean diet was similar to the low-fat plan except that more emphasis was placed on eating nuts, fish, and olive oil—all of which are outstanding fat sources.
  4. What does the small print say? Even though Atkins proponents funded the study, it wasn't a steak and cheese festival. According to the Associated Press, the study "urged dieters to choose vegetarian sources of fat and protein." This is a far cry from the public perception of the Atkins plan. Essentially, each dietary plan used primarily healthy foods, recommending that most calories come from plant sources. This meant that all three options were more or less healthy, the defining difference being the percentage of carbohydrates versus the percentage of fat in the participants' diets. The more sedentary you are, the fewer carbohydrates your body needs to function properly. Therefore, the findings make perfect sense, assuming that the average exercise level was fairly low.
  5. How much exercise did the participants get? Not much, from the looks of it. Exercise was not a component of the study, except for one comment stating that participants "got roughly the same amount of exercise." But where carbohydrate intake is concerned, exercise is the major component. The more exercise a person does, the more carbohydrates (and overall calories) he or she needs to eat, even to lose weight. A more thorough study would have been to add an exercise element and then see how each participant responded to various phases. What would likely have been the answer? The high-protein participants would have transitioned to being low-fat participants as they added exercise and got into better shape. This is because as you add exercise, you need to add calories. And more of these additional calories should be carbohydrates because they are directly burnt off during exercise. Carbohydrates are fuel. The more driving you do, the more you need to eat.

Final observations. This study does a good job of pointing out the importance that dietary fat plays in our diets. It doesn't exactly vindicate Atkins, but it shows the reason he wrote his books in the first place. It reminds us that most people eat more carbohydrates than they burn off. By inference, we can conclude that this is a highly dangerous way to eat and the major culprit in our obesity epidemic. Therefore, reducing carbs tends to improve that average person's health indicators, especially those who are overweight and/or sedentary. The study used healthy sources of fat and protein. This was not the way the original Atkins plan was structured, but it is a far safer approach because those who cheat will then still have a healthy nutrient base. It left out exercise. If that were a component, it's certain that we would have seen the numbers from the lower-fat approach improve as the participants became fitter, since we need to eat more carbs, but not necessarily more fat and protein, to fuel our exercises.

Saturday, December 6, 2008

Diet, Exercise, and Your Kids' Grades

There's a lot more you can do for your kids' education than lock them in bulletproof SUVs and wait in smog-choked lines of other SUVs to drop them at the steps of their schools. Teaching proper eating habits and providing time for exercise will do more for your children's potential to excel than any other thing that you, as a parent, can do.

Unfortunately, you may not get support from your school in these matters. Lack of funding and programs such as the ill-named "No Child Left Behind" are making it more and more difficult for your kids to eat well and exercise properly at school, thus making your parenting decisions more vital than ever before.

Exercise. A growing body needs to exercise to develop properly. There's no science to dispute this, yet schools have begun to cut PE classes to minimal levels. Lack of exercise not only makes it harder for children to concentrate on classwork during the day but it is a leading cause in the childhood obesity epidemic that's sweeping the nation. "Over the last 25 years, caloric intake in toddlers and young kids has gone up three or four percent, but the level of physical activity has dropped nearly 20 percent to 25 percent," says Ken Reed, Director of the Center for the Advancement of Physical Education.

When I was in school, I had five recess periods, and my memories are of swarms of kids charging all over our exercise fields. In a survey of parents, I found that most kids have three or less periods of PE these days. Plus, it's becoming increasingly rare to walk to school, something that provided me and most of my classmates hours of random muscle-building, calorie-burning activity 5 days per week.

While there are plenty of studies that show the connection between physical fitness and academic performance, it's still a challenge for school administrators who feel they must focus on academics. One researcher, Dr. John Ratey of Harvard, does brain research on physical fitness and calls physical activity "Miracle-Gro for the brain." Despite this, it's still an uphill battle.

"The situation isn't good and it's getting worse," says Reed. "Physical activity levels have dropped dramatically in the last 25 years and we believe there's a direct link there to childhood obesity, as well as a dramatic increase in type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cholesterol levels in children. PE cuts are primarily due to budget problems in schools. Also, the focus is on the educational assessment test that almost every state has due to No Child Left Behind and other factors. The assessment test has become the scorecard for administrators and teachers. The focus is on reading, writing, and arithmetic. Parents are also picking up on the state assessment scores as their scorecards on how their school's doing, so they put more pressure on schools to focus on those academic areas. Something's got to give, and it's usually PE, music, and art classes." Beachbody® and Shaun T also knew they had to respond to this dire situation of cuts and lack of exercise through the creation of Shaun T's Fit Kids™ Club.

Diet. Fast Food Nation and Super Size MeThen there's your child's diet to consider, which most likely won't be improved at school. According to statistics cited in Eric Schlosser's book, Fast Food Nation, the worst-quality food goes to fast food restaurants, schools, and pets, in that order—a pretty scary thought when we consider that fast food restaurants and the school cafeteria make up a large percentage of what is forming the dietary pattern of our future generations.

It's easy to see the food/performance relationship among school kids. One example is Appleton Central Alternative High School in Appleton, Wisconsin; the school implemented a health food program in 1997 and saw a dramatic increase in student performance. By removing soda and candy machines and changing the cafeteria fare from the standard burgers, fries, etc., to salads, veggies, whole-grain breads, fresh water, and healthy recipes, they saw grades go up, truancies go down, and disciplinary matters nearly vanish.

Kids at Lunch"I don't want to say better than ever, because it's always worked," said Dean of Students Greg Bretthauer recently, "but we've made minor revisions, based on experience, to improve it. We've incorporated flaxseed and focused on the omega content of foods. Made fresh water even more available. We have monthly fruit smoothie days, and have really worked to incorporate more education about eating away from school—trying to get students to follow through at home. We've found that diet does play a major role in increasing the ability [of students] to concentrate."

Adds teacher Mary Bruyette, "If you've been guzzling Mountain Dew and eating chips and you're flying all over the place, I don't think you're going to pick up a whole lot in class. Now I don't have to deal with daily discipline issues; that just isn't a factor here." While there's little doubt that better food will increase scholastic performance, there's also little chance it's going to happen on a wide scale anytime soon. "Our district is so strapped for cash that all they can look at is the bottom line," states Reed Bartlett, a teacher in the Riverside, California, school district. So we get cheap, low-quality food, and I don't see it changing anytime soon.

Weird science. It probably doesn't help that there's always a study out there for someone to fall back on and say things like, "See, it doesn't matter what the kids eat." Case in point: The infamous "sugar study" that came to the conclusion that diet played little to no role in children's behavior.

Kids in ClassSince I can say, with 100 percent certainty, that I've never had a client who wasn't affected by what they ate, I'm pretty sure not many people will disagree with me that food can alter the way you feel, which can alter your behavior. Yet, according to Steven Pliszka, MD, professor of psychiatry at University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, "The biggest myth of all is that food has any connection to behavior." Say what?

And there's more where that came from. Wesley Burks, MD, professor and chief of pediatric allergy and immunology at Duke University Medical Center states, "There haven't been any good scientific studies that show that there is an adverse effect on a child or adult's behavior chronically with the ingestion of foods." Perhaps not, but there's at least one school with thousands of real-world examples of diet playing a major role on behavior. In fact, the Appleton school tried an experiment where they served nothing but sugar-laced foods, caffeinated beverages, foods prepared with palm oils, etc., like "normal school kids get" and it had a significant effect. According to Bretthauer, "They ran around like hyped-up squirrels, felt sick, couldn't seem to concentrate. 'Pleeease,' they said. 'Don't have another one.'"

Scary science. Your kids are likely to live less time than you, which is one of the most alarming statistics I've seen recently, if not in my life. And that's the big-picture stuff. On a smaller scale, we see studies on the negative effects of many things associated with the daily lives of children.

Kids on a SlideKids are drawn to bright colors, so marketers love to change the way food looks—just look at any chain restaurant's kid menu for examples. Yet eating foods with artificial colors and preservatives can cause negative behavior changes in children, according to a study published in the Archives of Diseases in Childhood. And that's just one. In a review of two dozen scientific studies, the nonprofit Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) contends that food dyes and certain foods can adversely affect children's behavior. In a 32-page report titled "Diet, ADHD, and Behavior," CSPI charges that federal agencies, professional organizations, and the food industry ignore the growing evidence that diet affects behavior.

And with researchers out there like Mina Dulcan, MD, head of child and adolescent psychiatry at Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago, it's hard to argue. She states, "The bottom line is that too much artificial food stuff isn't good for you, but I don't think you can believe that it's going to hurt your child's behavior or learning very much." Yet, in order for her statement to make sense, we would have to conclude that nothing you eat makes any difference in how your body responds. We know this to be false, making this statement—from a prominently credentialed professional—unequivocal nonsense.

It makes a lot more sense to listen to Reed, who states, "The country's decline in fitness levels, of adults and children, is negatively impacting productivity. This generation of kids is the first in 100 years to have a lower life expectancy than their parents. Fitness levels, as well as health issues like diabetes and high blood pressure, are much worse trend-wise than we've ever seen with teenagers and young children. The economic cost just in terms of health care costs is going to be dramatic. Then, when you factor in the loss in productivity, it's really going to be dramatic for our country if it's not turned around." What can you do?

Plenty. This isn't a red tape or lawmaker's issue. While those are factors, you are still the primary influence on your child's health. For one, make sure they have plenty of opportunities to exercise. The upside to the decline of PE is the availability of affordable extracurricular sporting activities. While your doctor may tell you that you can exist on 30 minutes of exercise three times per week, that ain't going to cut if for a healthy child. They need exercise and movement, and a lot of it.

Get 'em out there. "Even with the diets kids are getting in schools, if the kids were more active, they'd be better off," says Reed. But you're also a major contributor to your child's diet, which begins at home. If your school won't provide healthy meals, go on strike and utilize a lunch box. And remember that schools, both public and private, respond to public demand. As do politicians. Just because school menus are dismal and schools are cutting out PE and losing their funding doesn't mean this is the way of the future. If enough people demand that it changes, then it will.

Also, lobby government agencies and politicians. We live in a democracy. Take advantage of your rights.

"The Department of Health and Human Services should withdraw its printed and Internet documents that largely dismiss the effect of food ingredients on behavior. For starters, the FDA should halt distribution of a pamphlet on food additives that it co-published with an industry group, the International Food Information Council," said Michael F. Jacobson, executive director of CSPI. "It's high time that the government—as well as doctors—provided the public with accurate information that might help many children."

The solution is for each one of us to keep trying. One person can—and always has—made a difference. Because one turns into two, which turns into three, and pretty soon you have an army on your side demanding change—take the Message Boards as an example of how unity can positively affect health and fitness. "If we could just get the soccer mom phenomenon working on physical education, we could rally parents and that would be a great advantage," says Reed.

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